Hidroelectrica S.A.

Romania's Competition Council sanctioned Hidroelectrica and ten contractual partners over long-term electricity contracts that restricted competition in electricity production and trading. The authority found that between 2003 and 2012 large volumes of Hidroelectrica's output were tied up in long-term bilateral contracts, limiting access by competing producers and customers. Hidroelectrica was fined approximately EUR 4.6 million and cooperated with the investigation. OECD reporting describes the contracts as covering 42-60% of electricity traded by producers on the competitive market for periods of 10-14 years. Sources: https://www.euractiv.com/news/romanian-state-owned-hydro-firm-hit-with-heavy-fine/ and https://one.oecd.org/document/DAF/COMP/AR%282016%2913/en/pdf